计算机组成原理课后习题答案(第六版 白中英版).docxVIP 计算机组成原理课后习题答案(第六版白中英版) Chapter1:Introduction 1.Definethefollowingterms: a)Computer:Acomputerisanelectronicdevicethatiscapableofstoring,processing,andretrievingdata.Itcanperformtasksaccordingtoasetofinstructionsgiventoit. b)Hardware:Hardwarereferstothephysicalcomponentsofacomputersystemthatcanbeseenandtouched.ItincludestheCPU,memory,storagedevices,input/outputdevices,etc. c)Software:Softwarereferstotheprogramsandapplicationsthatrunonacomputersystem.Itincludestheoperatingsystem,utilityprograms,andapplicationsoftware. d)Byte:Abyteisaunitofdigitalinformationthatconsistsof8bits.Itrepresentsasinglecharacter. e)Bit:Abit(binarydigit)isthebasicunitofinformationincomputinganddigitalcommunications.Itcanhaveonlytwopossiblevalues:0or1. f)Instruction:Aninstructionisacommandgiventothecomputertoperformaspecifictaskoroperation. g)Program:Aprogramisasetofinstructionsthattellacomputerhowtoperformaspecifictaskorfunction. h)Processor:Aprocessor,alsoknownasacentralprocessingunit(CPU),isthe”brain”ofacomputer.Itinterpretsandexecutesinstructionsandperformsarithmeticandlogicaloperations. i)Memory:Memoryreferstothestoragespaceinacomputerwheredataandinstructionsarestoredtemporarilyorpermanently.Itisdividedintotwotypes:primarymemory(RAM)andsecondarymemory(harddrives,solid-statedrives,etc.). j)Inputdevice:Aninputdeviceisusedtoenterdataorinstructionsintoacomputer.Examplesincludekeyboards,mice,scanners,etc. k)Outputdevice:Anoutputdeviceisusedtodisplayoroutputdataorresultsfromacomputer.Examplesincludemonitors,printers,speakers,etc. 2.Listandbrieflyexplainthebasicfunctionsofacomputer. a)Input:Thisfunctioninvolvesenteringdataorinstructionsintothecomputer.Inputdevices,suchaskeyboardsandmi
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