一文汇总SCI常用套路,工具和词汇,帮你轻松搞定SCI写作! 开始之前先送大家一个资源包,如果你没有时间,没有精力去做实验,如果你没有经费,或者没有条件做测序,GEO数据库一定是你发SCI最好的选择。与其被网上支离破碎的资料整的焦头烂额,不如尝试一下这门《7天入门GEO数据库》免费训练营,相信经过7天系统化的学习,你也可以有机会“挖”出一篇属于自己的SCI。【免费领】7天入门GEO数据库+3G医学生医生SCI高效学习资料包 SCI的文章写作,向来是比较头疼的问题。第一次发表论文就像一个里程碑,发表论文是建立成功职业生涯的关键一步。 那么,一系列的实验是如何演变成一篇科学论文的呢? 1 内功篇 对于一篇好的论文而言,标题、摘要、数据和结果都至关重要。 对于那些母语不是英语的研究人员而言,科学论文不仅是分享研究结果和研究方法,把论文写成故事或许能让你的论文脱颖而出。 关于发文本身 神经学家Agustin Ibanez回忆起第一次发论文时的场景:那时候,我没有任何出版经验,我的导师也没有任何经验。 所以我的第一篇论文至少被拒绝了八次,但是在这个过程中我学到了——虽然很痛苦,但是可以有机会从评审那里得到持续的反馈和建议,也就有了更多的机会和经验来改进自己的写作方法。 对刚上路的研究人员来说,发表论文的压力可能非常大。 不幸的是,这种压力普遍存在在学术界。你必须发表。一整年没有发表任何东西不是一件好事。评判科研人员的标准就是看发文水平,论文写得好不好就是在给工作打分。 Dixon Chibanda作为一名临床医生,也作为一名研究人员。 他认为研究的目的很重要:有些研究人员致力于发表研究成果,有些研究人员致力于把研究成果推广到世界各地时。 所以,每位作者都有自己不同的点,没有对错之分。这取决于你自己的感觉,作为一个项目的研究者——你的研究目的究竟是什么? 其实,做研究是一个工作的过程包括:一些分析,一些实验,一些思考,一些概念定义,然后突然上了一个新台阶,发现了新的东西! 然后再试着把它表达出来传播给他人,朋友、学生、同事和更多的研究者…… 所有人都讨厌那些乱用标点符号、语义不详、很难理解的文章。 因此,把写论文当成讲故事更吸引读者,这是是一个自我解答的过程:这个结果怎么样?这合理吗?这是正确的研究方向吗?还有什么改进空间吗? 明确了以上的写作原则后,还要有足够的时间来写论文。把繁琐的研究工作用美丽的语言描述出来,是一个比做研究本身更艰巨的挑战。 写作=讲故事 生物学家Pamela Yeh和她的丈夫Van Savage一起做研究。同时他们和小说家Cormac McCarthy合作发明了一套论文写作技巧,并于2019年发表在Nature Career上。这篇文章在读者中非常受欢迎。那么,两位科学家和一位小说家之间的合作具体是如何产生的呢? 第一,论文中语言组织的要点就是精简。 Pamela总是要求学生和博士后,用最简短的句子来写文章。作者喜欢喋喋不休,读者更不会知道作者想表达什么。 有些文章喜欢滥用标点符号解释数据,但是过分的解释反而让人理解不了。因此,写作时应该把读者放在心上,他们基本上都是很聪明的那部分人,解释清楚要点就够了。越简洁越好,这就是作者最基本的任务。 研究过程中还有一个陷阱,那就是得到的数据会越来越多。因为,人们会陷进去,迷失在大量数据中。或许,我们可以选择性发表少量的数据,用一个完整的故事,讲述清楚这些数据的由来,这些数据的故事。 第二, 论文整体结构的规划。 故事想要讲清楚,最重要的是让读者明白研究目的和结果。首先,要讲清楚研究背景:为什么要去做这个研究?为什么这个研究与众不同?对于整个研究领域有什么推进作用?一般,在引言部分就需要讲清楚这些问题,引人入胜,为自己的研究搭建好表演舞台。 或许有些人认为,科学不是讲故事,它应该是展示数据,事实和方法。 的确很有道理。但是用讲故事的方式来写论文,前提是在讲一个真实而非虚构的故事。一个完整的关于科学研究的故事应该包括以下两部分。 第一部分:作者是怎么发现这个问题的?研究这个问题的目的是什么?这就是简介部分。第二部分:作者的研究想法。作者应该带领读者去观看,自己是如何解决自己提出的问题的。这也就是论文中的方法和结果部分。 最后,作者应该告诉读者这些研究的意义何在,也就是我们的研究故事的升华。 所以,把论文当成讲故事,重点在于把研究工作放到具体领域的背景中,放到读者的工作或生活中。有了具体的故事背景才能展示出研究的重要性,这才会让研究结果更有说服力。 一些写作建议 标题很重要,因为这是每个人第一眼看的东西。如果标题都吸引不了读者,更不会有人阅读文章的内容。所以,花大量的时间在确定标题和精简摘要上是很有必要的。 然后是数据,文章中最重要的部分。如果说论文是一个故事,有的故事会很长,那么读者可能只会看数据。 标题、摘要、正文中都会有数据,这些数据是故事的缩略,所以数据中应该尽可能多地讲述故事。 写作风格——精简。作为读者,我们自己都不能忍受冗长的句子,繁多的术语和标点符号。很多作者都小看读者,认为自己解释得不够清楚读者无法理解。因此,他们把能堆砌的一切都放在文章中。 然而,过分堆砌的术语不会让文章更专业,反而读起来很累。换句话说,写论文需要把读者当成能够独立思考的人。重复强调重点并无大用,修改论文的重点在于尽量把内容缩短、简化,并确保不会重复任何内容,每个部分都应是新鲜而独立的。 同时,不得不说,英语真的是一个很大的障碍。对于非英语母语者而言,不地道的表述方式会给评审一个非常糟糕的印象。所以,能结交说英语的合作者和朋友就尽量去结交吧,可以省下很大一笔润色费。 克服重重困难后,投稿也是需要迈出的一大步。那么论文首先应该提交到哪里呢? 回答尚不明确。就算是顶级的科学家也会这么说。因为这取决于个人的目的。有的人为了升官发财,有的人为了让更多的人看到自己的研究…… 如果是后者,那么,看看自己经常引用的文章都发表在什么期刊上?他们都是什么研究领域?这样就能快速定位选择合适的期刊。 2 工具篇 想成为武林高手,内功固很重要,但一把称心如意的宝剑也是必不可少的,宝剑配英雄。这篇文章我就来介绍介绍可帮助我们写成SCI的得力武器。 1. whiteSmoke
获得方式: http://www.whitesmoke.com/ 推荐理由:1. 语言处理,也就是润色功能。输入一段需要检查的段落,选择checktext,它就会显示语法检查和拼写检查的结果,以及一些词语可替换的提示和标点符号的更改提示,帮助改善文章的句子。2.句子、段落翻,这个软件是可以满足翻译的需求的。3. 模板的写作功能。该软件提供了很多模板,从具有生活情怀的道歉模板到学生入学介绍信、基金申请说明,应有尽有。 2. Academic Phrasebank
获得方式:http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/ 推荐理由:该网站的使用方法相当傻瓜,该网页的导航栏中(见下图)各个选项分别对应着论文引言(Introduction)、引文部分如何引用、实验方法如何描述(Methods)、实验结果(Results)、讨论(Discussion)和总结(Conclusions)。每个标签下方都会简单告诉你,这一部分内容要怎么写、注意事项、动词时态等等,真正做到你的论文写到哪就点到哪里。该网站的另一神奇之处就在于,它不仅仅是给出每部分撰写的例句,还搭建好了相应的写作框架。 3. 科研者之家
获得方式:http://www.home-for-researchers.com/static/index.html#/ 推荐理由:很好用的SCI写作神器,不管是正文还是图例部分,你输入中文就可以自动给你生成很多已经发表的论文中表达类似含义的语句。而且网站还提供了期刊推荐,可以说是送佛送到西,一步到位了。 4. 知云文献翻译器
获得方式:http://i.zhiyunwenxian.cn/ 推荐理由: 可以作为pdf阅读器,边看pdf边翻译边划线,具有许多pdf的笔记功能。翻译的语料库来自谷歌生物专业方面的翻译,较为准确,可以切换中-英,和英-中文翻译。 5. StyleWriter
获得方式:http://www.stylewriter-usa.com/ 推荐理由:StyleWriter一款润色神器了,除了校对、术语、句子等基础功能外,最突出的一点是可以给你的文章进行评分(Bog指数),并为提高你文章的可读性提供建议。 6. Grammarly
获得方式:https://www.grammarly.com/ 推荐理由:一款非常强大的语法改错软件,帮助润色英文表达。目前提供了网页版、Mac 版和 Windows 版,网页版提供多款浏览器的扩增插件,而且如果很幸运你的电脑是 Windows 系统,那么Grammarly 还很良心地为你提供 Word 插件。Grammarly 可以实现实时语法错误查找,还提供详细的解释和修改意见。边写边告诉你哪里错了,解释怎么错法,还给出例句,告诉你怎么改。 7. Ginger
获得方式:http://www.gingersoftware.com/ 推荐理由:号称是世界上最好用的英文写作润色工具,除了提供单词拼写、语法检查功能外,还提供句子改写、翻译、词典和朗读功能。在 Ginger 网页最低端,还提供英语语法和单词学习资料,Ginger目前只提供 PC 端软件、 PC 端 Word 插件和 Chrome/Safari 插件。网页版的 Ginger 需要逐句输入,逐句检查。逐句检查是Ginger 的特色,更加精确检测句子中的语法错误,但是检测起来比较慢。 8. 1Checker
获得方式:http://www.1checker.com/ 推荐理由:1Checker不仅提供在线版本、 Windows 和 Mac 客户端,还有 Word 插件,但是不提供浏览器的扩增插件,不能针对网页输入文本资料和邮件中的拼写语法错误进行检查。安装软件:打开1Checker ,可以直接导入自己的 Word 文档, 检查 即可。检查速度较慢。同时还提供词典,可以随时查找单词。 9. ProWritingAid
获得方式:https://prowritingaid.com/ 推荐理由:分有网络版和桌面版,在输入一段文字后会给出一个非常详细的报告。报告中分类比较细致,既可以检查拼写错误,还能检查用词是否老套累赘或者模糊抽象无意义、是否过于口语化、句子和段落长度是否合适、有无抄袭等多项错误。 10. Nounplus
获得方式:https://www.nounplus.net/grammarcheck/ 推荐理由:Nounplus工具的语法算法主要侧重于语法、句法,并且拥有超过1000个常用的语法错误筛选机制。你还可以安装手机应用来使用,提供安卓和iOS手机应用。 11. Hemingway
获得方式:http://www.hemingwayapp.com/ 推荐理由:打开网站,右侧的Write,便可直接打字,也可以复制粘贴哦。在网站页面的右侧提供了实时文章统计:Paragraphs(段落);Sentences(语句);Words(单词);Characters(字母)。同时,Hemingway 会为您的文章打分。在文章中也会用五种颜色高亮标注可能“需要改动”的语句,提醒用户修改以提高文章可读性,可在实时统计下方找到具体说明。 12. Virtual Writing Tutor
获得方式:https://virtualwritingtutor.com/ 推荐理由:这个免费的在线语法检查器或校对器可以帮助作家计算单词,检查拼写,检查语法和标点符号,检查释义,改进单词选择,自我评估目标结构的使用,掌握英语发音。而且也很好的教程,模块化很好。 13. WordHipp
获得方式:http://www.wordhippo.com/ 推荐理由:可以帮助你查询任何英文单词的词典数据库网站,它有一些有意思的功能如:英文单词解释,同义词,反义词,押韵词,英文例句,英文翻译,查找单词,英文单词形式,单词如何发音以及英文姓名起源等等。有了这个网站也许会对你的SCI写作有所帮助。 14. 谷歌学术
获得方式:https://scholar.google.com.hk/?hl=zh-CN 推荐理由:需要fq或者使用谷歌镜像,把你需要的关键词或者句子放入谷歌,可以看看别人如何写这样的句子的,还可以加双引号进行高级检索,但是谷歌学术中也收录了大量中国人写的句子,可以对初筛结果,进一步润色修改。 15. SpellCheckPlus
获得方式:http://spellcheckplus.com/ 推荐理由:SpellCheckPlus可在线免费检查拼写、语法,并配有英文解说来帮助大家学习正确用法。发现易混淆单词和短语。同时检测到英语非母语的外国学生所常犯的英文错误。页面很简洁,操作很简单。16. 同义词或者反义词词典 获得方式:https://www.thesaurus.com/browse/obtain?s=t 推荐理由:在文中同一意义词反复使用时,可以考虑在里面查询替换。 17. Linggle英语写作老师
获得方式:https://www.linggle.com/ 推荐理由:要养成一个习惯,在看Paper的时候看到好词好句摘录下来。当你要用你摘录的好的短语时,但是你不知道怎么前后怎么写时,Linggle能帮助你。 18. 生存曲线在线制作工具 获得方式:http://111.229.212.9:3838/Survival-Plot/ 推荐理由:可上传自己的数据,点点鼠标轻松绘制漂亮生存曲线。 19. languagetool
获得方式:https://languagetoolplus.com/插件 推荐理由:有浏览器和word版本,分免费和付费版本,可以校对英语写作。 20. 易搜搭ESODA
获得方式:http://www.esoda.org/guide/ 推荐理由:易搜搭ESODA是清华HCI Lab工作室出品的一款适合国人英语写作的信息助手,它广泛收录了各学科领域的海量论文作为数据库,通过智能语言分析等算法,供用户通过各种方式查询地道的英语搭配和例句。 3 词汇篇 最后总结了100多篇高分SCI的常见词汇表达,了解这些常见的词汇表达,让你的SCI写作事半功倍,不看会后悔系列。 1. 被认为is known to, it is well known that, be regarded as, is characterized by, is believed to, it is generally acknowledged that, in general, it has been shown that, have been implicated 2. 表明:reveal, report , found, suggested, postulate, proposed, indicate, have shown that, implicated, assume, states, demonstrated, considered as,validated,identified, demonstrating, show, displayed, revealed, reflect, exhibit, hinted, appeared to,uncover, suggest, show, demonstrate, imply, indicate, it was found that, illustrate 3.旨在:aim to, with the aim to, the purpose of this study is to,to address the genetic burdens, to better understand the association, to test for the presence of sample or data, testing and verification of the presence, to overcome this limitation; to study, to investigate, to verify, to cross-check, to initially test, to eliminate the likelihood of; to further prioritize ….; given its potential involvement,to determine, to further distinguish the function of, to test whether; to understand, to select;according to, for this, as might be expected, due to 4.导致:lead to, result in, is attributed to, cause, contribute to, contribute to, driven by, induced, in response to, 5. 常见:the most common form of, make it one of the most common 6. 研究:research studies, research, study, recent studies, prior studies,7. 之前的研究:previous studies, as previously described, from previously published studies, deciphered using the framework developed by previously, using previously described expression profiles, for some of the previously published samples, previously published data in peer-review journals, Following previous work. 8.本研究:in this work, in this test, our work, our present study, in this context, current research, our study, here, in this study, these data, these observations, these results 9. 很多:a massive number of, several, various, hundreds of, major, the large amount, multiple, many, a series of, a total of, a set of, diverse, extensive , an increasing body of, a wide range of, multiple, a large number of, majority, a variety of , thousands of 10. 少数:only a small percentage, the limited number, several 11. 过去一段时间:during recent decades, recently, the past decades, in recent years, currently, more recently 12. 过去的观点:In the past debate, modern view, in the prevailing view, in the recent literature, in the past, a prior study, previously, previous analyses 13. 过去研究的描述:more precise treatment, facilitate more accurate detection, increased the accuracy of the prognosis, wide acceptance, has the potential to, provide insight into, with the recent advances, allow for a better understanding of, these results suggest, prior studies have largely focused on,as preivsously described, is similar to previously published …, has been previously reported, described previously, had previously found evidence of association, previous results have shown that, it was previously found that 14. 进一步研究:selected for further investigation, further sudies, further exploration, subsequent analysis, 15. 实验结果:these findings, these results, these experiments, these models; these findings, these results suggest that, these experiments, further studies, in the analyses of data from; summarize the results 16. 最近:presently, until recently, in studies to date, until recently, more recently, recently 17. 展望:suggest several potential determinants of, provide insights into, inform the future diagnosis and therapy, provide new insights into; ultimately reveal new molecular mechanisms, as an understudied and important potential next frontier, shed light on the molecular basis of , future investigations using strategies reported xxx will likely illuminate novel function of; the data as a continuing source for future discoveries, will be an important question for future investigation;our next challenge is to; can be another strategy for, lays the groundwork for future therapeutic strategies 18. 观察:observed, detected, found, seen, detectable 19. 越来越受到:there has been increasingly more attention, with the increasing appreciation, has inspired the development, With the rapid emergence of, recent findings that have greatly increased the number of; 20. 重要:be crucial to, importantly, specifically 21. 发挥作用:serve this function,play an important/a crucial role in 22.需要,亟需:with large unmet medical needs, further necessitating new therapeutic strategies, it is important to determine, in order to better inform treatment decisions;there is a need to, there are further reasons to, here we sought to, there remains a need for new methodology 23. 符合预期:as expected, be expected to 24. 不足:lacking, challenging even, remain poorly understood, have been difficult to, there is no clear indication, has not yet been fully investigated, despite these advances, it can be difficult to infer, it is unknown whether, little is known about, remain poorly understood, there were a few clues toward, it has remained a significant challenge to dissect, the strategy is challenging to ; these observations underscore the importance of , have not been adequately performed, bridge the gap between, this experimental bottleneck, remains a significant challenge, have largely been ignored as, remain a daunting challenge, has been constrained by 25.解决:to address this limitation, to investigate this question, to overcome these difficulties, motivated by this earlier work, In order to better characterize, would be expected to provide an opportunity to discover, to understand the potential role of, to demonstrate the performance and utility of this method 26. 解释原因:be largely explained by, mainly because of, due mainly to, caused by, is an important factor, a key factor, a result of, part of the reason for their discovery was that, is the major cause of, a major source for, the result of 27. 基于:based primarily on, underlying, is determined by;depend on, based on, relies on 28. 宏观整体:framework, pipeline, overview 29. 包含:containing,including, excluded from; ranged from A to B; be composed of, consist of, included, recruited, 30. 因此:therefore, hence, thus, consequently 31. 举例:such as, for example, for instance, in another example 32. 一致,兼容,相似:largely consistent with, combined with, compatible with, large similarities, similar to, match with, consistently,met the above criteria,used the following criteria 33. 类似的:likewise, more likely to 34. 相反:in contrast, there was a controversy, whereas 35. 与。。。。有关:are (strongly) associated with, correlated with, related to, provides a key link 36. 改变:alter, modulate, regulate 37. 增加:increased, elevated 38. 减少:decreased, induced, rescued, minimize, 39. 整合:integrative, comprehensive, incorporating, comprised of, including, as a whole,interrogation, comprehensive, integrated into, integration of, 40. 概括:overview, large-scale, a large overlap, altogether, aggregating, as described above, In summary,combined analyses of data from 41. 应用:performed, applied, commonly used, conducted 42. 推断:infer, reason, conclude,may be, could be, should be, it is possible that, perhaps the reason that. … is due to 43. 评估:examined, tested, evaluated, assess, investigate, calculated, counted, measured 44. 评价词汇:variable, abolishable, simple, suitable, well established, accuracy, available, precise, facile and informative, effective;play a significant role, crucial, important, valuable, are sensitive to 45. 引起读者注意的副词:clearly, notably, accordingly, unfortunately, typically, importantly, indeed, in particular, remarkably, intriguingly, in fact, unexpectedlyinterestingly, surprisingly, indeed, importantly, more broadly, highlight, primarily, notably, remarkably, 46. 逻辑连接词:in addition, additionally, moreover, furthermore, also, eventually consequently;firstly, secondly, finally; first, second, third; On the one hand, on the other hand;initially, hereafter, therefore, consistently, In practice, to this end, subsequently, briefly, then, finally, accordingly, recently, nevertheless, however, indeed,followed by, then, lastly 47.连接词的表述方法:顺序:as well as; either ….or; neither…nor; thus, then, also, therefore,转折:however, nevertheless; since, while, whereas, In contrast,递进:moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, further; first, next, finally;转折:despite, however, still, since, while whereby, yet, though, although, nonetheless 48. 伦理委员会:ethics committee/institutional review board (IRB),Ethics board approval,Institute Animal Ethics Committee 49. 优点:offers unique advantages and disadvantages,the major advantage of 50. 缺点:a disadvantage of XX is that, these limitations;another limitation is that 51. 患者知情同意书:participants provided informed consent,written informed consent 52. 联系:correlation, associated with, a clear relation, a correlation with,these associations 53. 有统计学意义:significance, significant, pronounced, significantly, statistical, statistical significant 54. 常见形容词:predictive, sensitive, insufficient, histologic, functional, unbiased, elevated, available, selective, dispersed, normalized and differentially expressed, informative, potentially effective, highly sensitive to, comparable, independent, noticeable, sound, regulatory, repressive, robust, promising, confirmed, 55. 常用动词:dissect, consider, sampled, classified, identified, showed, compared, constructed, distinguish, explore, applied, hypothesized, used, applied, measured, validated, implement, promote, enable, allow, examine, investigate, tested, exploit, assessed, evaluated, model, hypothesized, assign, set out, carry out, analyze, screen, report, portraits, establish, develop, utilize, report, carried out, hypothesized, observedextracted, dissented, homogenized, separated, transfer, purchased, dissolved, chronically exposed, sacrificed, housed, deprived of, handled, placed, recorded, divided into, adopted, determine, performed, loaded, downloaded, diluted, performed, obtained, amplified, fused with, cloned into, employed, construct, described, allow, governs, implemented, split into, carried out, harboring, generate, incorporate, anesthetized, decapitated; obtained, estimated, evaluated, assessed, measured, examined, investigate, explore, test the sensitivity and specificity of variables, identify, quantify, is characterized by, deposited, classified, downloaded, revised, included, removed, normalized, combined, subdivided into, calculated, cross-check, summarized, originated from, described, available, detectable, define, scored, determined, generated with, using, applied with, categorize … into …, model, imputed, presented, determined, filtered, processed, background corrected, normalized to internal controls, quality control, Images were captured, Freshly sorted XX cells, carried out
—END— 本文首发于“解螺旋” 转载请注明:解螺旋·临床医生科研成长平台 我跟老谈每周四晚18:00,也会做也一些关于研究生科研学习讲座及研究生相亲等专场,欢迎大家来看!https://live.bilibili.com/ 下面的链接可扫码添加我的助理,私信不回问题: 解螺旋-酸菜老师 传播科研最前沿知识; 中国临床医生科研成长平台; 现在添加还可领取10G科研资源大礼包!(内含:SCI写作投稿技巧、数据库使用教程、国自然工具包……)
2024最新激活全家桶教程,稳定运行到2099年,请移步至置顶文章:https://sigusoft.com/99576.html
版权声明:本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献,该文观点仅代表作者本人。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务,不拥有所有权,不承担相关法律责任。如发现本站有涉嫌侵权/违法违规的内容, 请联系我们举报,一经查实,本站将立刻删除。 文章由激活谷谷主-小谷整理,转载请注明出处:https://sigusoft.com/19711.html